Hurwitz, Mahzor Vitry Neurenberg On the development and dissemination of the names of Torah scholars added to the list of martyrs, see M. Mahzor Vitry , ; S. Buber, ed. Shneerson, ed.
See also R. Margaliot, ed. See the discussion of this addition in Midrash Tanhuma ha-shalem Jerusalem vol. Buber n. Instead our versions talk about asking for mercy as being effective to help the deceased, but do not mention charity, see Mahzor Vitry ed. There is an earlier reference to giving money on behalf of the deceased in 2 Macc. It was the sin offering that was understood to benefit the deceased, not the giving of money itself. See J. Kol bo Jerusalem , siman It would seem that this reason would not necessarily contribute to the development of a personal memorial prayer.
See also I. Braun, ed. For example, Tur makes no mention of this custom. See E. Recent studies have not established satisfactorily precisely how, when and why those two aspects originated and were fused. See S. Similarly, in M. Spitzer, ed. See n. It is not clear exactly who wrote these notes or when, but it seems to be close to the time of Isaac Tirnau and some may have been written by him, see p. Feldman, Areshet sefateinu vol. There were variations of Seder matnat yad where a Humash was held instead of a Torah scroll, or the rabbi stayed by the bimah and congregants came up to him, but the main idea of an individual Mi sheberakh for every donor is found throughout the varying customs.
See Spitzer, Sefer Maharil , , siman 13; Y. Since the rabbi would perform the Seder matnat yad it was customary in some circles that he be given gelilah on that day. See B. See also H. Schwab, Jewish Rural Communities in Germany London 32 where he notes that this practice spread from the north to the south of Germany.
More aggadic reasons were given for the custom of reciting Yizkor on the festivals. For example, see Z. Kaidanover, Kav ha-yashar Constantinople ch. Stern, Be-tzel ha-hokhmah vol. For a conceptual explanation of why Yizkor is appropriate on festivals, see A. Soloveitchik — vol. See A. Braun, Tanya rabbati Jerusalem , siman 53, , siman 54, , siman The reason Shavuot was singled out for memorial prayers seems to be a development of the earlier Ashkenazic custom to recite special memorial prayers for the martyrs of the Crusades on the Shabbat before Shavuot.
See N. For example, B. Brandeis, Leshon hakhamim vol. It is found in M. Kahane, Orhot hayyim — Orah hayyim vol. Eisenstein, Otzar dinim u-minhagim New York 96; A. From these sources it went on to be included in virtually every book that discusses this custom.
Tukachinsky, Gesher ha-hayyim , ; H. Goldberg, Pnei Baruch Jerusalem The way crying on Shabbat is permissible if it makes a person feel better Rema, Shulhan Arukh, Orah hayyim Hershovitz, Otzar kol minhagei Yeshurun St. Louis, mo , siman Finkelstein, Tosefet hayyim , Hilkhot Shabbat 9, — The Satmar Rav ruled that one does not have to wake up a child who is sleeping in the synagogue so that they can leave for Yizkor, it is sufficient to cover them with a tallit. See G. This explanation is the one brought in Finkelstein, Tosefet hayyim , Hilkhot Shabbat 9, Shamash Menatzpach, Minhagim de-kehillat qodesh Vermiza vol.
Berlin, Minei Targuma Breslau 25a parashat Va-ethanan. See also, S. Zalman of Liadi, Siddur rabbeinu ha-zaken Brooklyn, ny , n. Berlin — seems to be the first who raised the problem of making a vow to give money in memory of the dead, noting that he did not find earlier authorities who dealt with this issue specifically regarding the formulation of Yizkor.
See his Minei Targuma , 25a parashat Va-ethanan. He notes that although we find that it is customary to make pledges of charity on Shabbat and festivals Rema, Shulhan Arukh, Orah hayyim , it is best to avoid naming an explicit figure and the term neder should not be used.
Weiss, Kuntres devek Tov , siman 6, appended to the end of Y. Gold, Darkhei hayyim ve-shalom Brooklyn, ny , siman Tal, Siddur rinat Yisrael Jerusalem ; N.
Scherman, ed. Some prayer books retain the original wording, e. See also E. For example, a collection of verses beginning with Ps. See also S. Milgram, Jewish Worship Philadelphia, pa Some communities did have a custom to make appeals on Shabbat along with memorial prayers. See Jaffe, Levush ha-hur orah hayyim , , siman This was subject to controversy, see Braun, Tanya rabbati , 53, siman 17, where he discusses the controversy whether charity on behalf of the deceased should be pledged on Shabbat.
Walner, Hemdat Zvi vol. Walner was the rabbi of Ashkelon at the time. This is the implication at the end of his responsum. It was to this responsum that Eliezer Waldenberg was relating in his Tzitz Eliezer , siman Tzuriel, Otzrot ha-Torah Bnei Brak vol. See his long list of mistaken mourning customs on p. Reference Works. Primary source collections.
Open Access Content. Contact us. Goldman Funeral Chapel. Malden, MA Email: goldmanfc comcast. Need Assistance? Contact Us. About Jewish Funerals. Prayers and Meditations.
Immediate Need If you have immediate need of our services, we're available for you 24 hours a day. A list of the second kind of names will be maintained by the Temple board with advice graciously accepted from members. There will be opportunities in the Ten Days of Awe to insert additional names, should the need arise. Many thanks to Gary Levene and Debbie Eisenberg who have graciously volunteered year after year to read the full list.
Yizkor List.
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