You may need to stop taking these medicines before the biopsy. Tell your provider if you are pregnant or think you may be pregnant. You may be asked to not eat or drink anything before the biopsy.
This often means no food or drink after midnight. Your provider will give you specific instructions. You may be given medicine to help you relax a sedative before the surgery. Because the sedative may make you drowsy, someone must drive you home. Your healthcare provider may have other instructions for you based on your medical condition. What happens during a liver biopsy? Generally, a percutaneous liver biopsy follows this process: You will be asked to remove any clothing, jewelry, or other objects that may get in the way of the scan.
You will be given a gown to wear. You will be asked to go to the bathroom before the biopsy. An IV intravenous line may be started in your arm or hand. Some people are given IV sedation and get sleepy for the biopsy. You will be placed on your back with your right arm above your head, or on your left side.
Your provider will locate your liver by pressing on your abdomen. He or she will mark the area where the biopsy will be done. The skin over your liver will be washed with a sterile antiseptic solution. You will feel a needle stick when the local anesthetic is injected. This may cause a brief stinging sensation. A needle will be put through your skin and into your liver very quickly. It is common to feel pressure as the needle is pressed into your liver. Your may feel mild pain in your shoulder due to irritation of the phrenic nerve.
This nerve passes down the shoulder and near the liver. You will be asked to hold your breath as the needle goes quickly in and out of your liver. Holding your breath stops your chest wall and diaphragm from moving. Any movement may affect the placement of the biopsy needle.
You should lie quietly without moving. The sample of liver tissue will be removed. Your provider may need more than 1 tissue sample. If so, you will hold your breath as the needle is put quickly in and out of your liver again.
When the local anaesthetic has started to work the area will feel numb , you will be asked to lie on your back or on your side, depending on where the doctors decide to insert the biopsy needle.
This is a long thin tube that is inserted through your anaesthetised skin. You may be asked to take a few deep breaths before the needle or biopsy device is inserted and to hold your breath. Once the needle is inserted it is withdrawn quickly to remove a very small sample of liver tissue.
You will then be asked to lie on your right side so that the weight of your body presses on the wound. This is to make sure the wound clots to aid healing. It also means that you will need to remain in bed on your side or on your back for up to six or eight hours so you are advised to go to the toilet before the liver biopsy.
There is a very small risk of either internal bleeding or bile leaking from the liver, but this is rare. The skin over your liver is cleaned with antiseptic. Your liver lies under your ribs and your main breathing muscle the diaphragm , on the upper right-hand side of your tummy abdomen. Some local anaesthetic is then injected into a small area of skin and tissues just over a part of your liver usually between two lower ribs on the right-hand side. This stings a little at first, but then makes your skin in this area numb.
A special hollow needle is then pushed through your skin into your liver. You will have to hold your breath for seconds when the needle is quickly pushed in and out you will be told exactly when.
This is because the liver moves slightly when you breathe in and out. As the needle comes out it brings with it a small sample of liver tissue. The doctor who does the biopsy may use an ultrasound scanner or computerised tomography CT scan for guidance.
The scan locates the exact site of your liver so the biopsy needle is inserted at exactly the right place. The scan is painless. In some people it is not possible to carry out the procedure in the way described above. Some conditions affect your liver's ability to make substances that help blood clot. If you have one of these conditions there is more chance of bleeding after the biopsy.
Using a different procedure to take the biopsy can reduce the risk of bleeding in these people. Usually this involves inserting a very thin, hollow tube a catheter into a vein in your neck or groin.
The skin will be made numb by a local anaesthetic before the procedure. The catheter is then gently guided to the veins inside your liver. A small needle on the tip of the catheter makes a tiny hole in the wall of the vein.
The needle collects a sample of liver tissue which is then retained in the catheter as it is taken out of your body. This second procedure has less chance of causing bleeding if you have problems with blood clotting.
You need to stay as still as you can. The health care provider will find the correct spot for the biopsy needle to be inserted into the liver. This is often done by using ultrasound. The skin is cleaned, and numbing medicine is injected into the area using a small needle. A small cut is made, and the biopsy needle is inserted. You will be told to hold your breath while the biopsy is taken. This is to reduce the chance of damage to the lung or liver.
The needle is removed quickly. Pressure will be applied to stop the bleeding. A bandage is placed over the insertion site. The procedure can also be done by inserting a needle into the jugular vein.
If the procedure is performed this way, you will lie on your back. X-rays will be used to guide the provider to the vein. A special needle and catheter thin tube is used to take the biopsy sample. If you receive sedation for this test, you will need someone to drive you home.
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