At STP, beryllium resists oxidation and resists corrosion in the air. Although beryllium has many isotopes, only 9 Be is stable, classifying it as a monoisotopic element.
This makes 10 Be useful for examining soil and solar activity because solar activity is inversely correlated with 10 Be production. Besides 10 Be, many of beryllium's isotopes, especially 13 Be, have very short half-lives. Beryllium is a steel-gray metal that tarnishes slowly in the air due to oxide forming around it.
This thin layer of oxide allows beryllium to scratch glass. Common compounds containing beryllium are emerald and aquamarine. Due to its light, stiff, and stable structure, beryllium alloys are being used in industrial work more and more. Beryllium forms an oxide layer making it not react with air or water even in extreme heat.
However, when it is ignited, beryllium burns brightly making beryllium oxide and beryllium nitride. Beryllium dissolves easily in non-oxidizing acids, such as HCl, with the exception of nitric because it forms the oxide making it very similar to aluminum metal.
Beryllium combines with many non-metals to form binary compounds, such as beryllium oxide BeO. BeO is a white solid that has a high melting point, making it useful in engines, radio equipment, and semiconductor devices.
Beryllium is in approximately of the known minerals, such as bertrandite, beryl, chrysoberyl, and phenakite. Beryllium is also present in precious gems such as aquamarine, bixbite, and emerald. Of the many beryllium minerals, only two are of commercial importance in the preparation of beryllium metal and its compounds. In the U. Beryllium metal began commercial production in , but did not live up to its expectation of expanding the industry.
Beryllium is made by reducing beryllium fluoride with magnesium metal in the following equation:. Emerald is less common than diamond and more expensive than gold. Columbia produces the most emerald in the world, where the Muzo mine and eastern emerald belt are located. Despite having problems of beryllium being brittle, pricey, and poisonous, it still has many valuable purposes. Its light weight, non-magnetic properties, and reluctance to spark is great for non-sparking tools. Your feedback is important to us.
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By using our site, you acknowledge that you have read and understand our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use. Share Twit Share Email. Home Physics Condensed Matter. April 5, Dance of the nucleons: Theoretically, the beryllium nucleus can be seen as a con-glomeration of two helium-4 nuclei with four additional neutrons.
However, the research findings contradict this hypothesis and indicate that two of the neutrons are located outside the helium-4 nuclei. More information: A. Krieger et al. Provided by Johannes Gutenberg-University. This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission.
The content is provided for information purposes only. Near-earth asteroid might be a lost fragment of the moon 25 minutes ago. Why low temperature is better in many precision experiments? Nov 03, Question about chiral molecules Nov 02, Why X-ray scattering in crystalline solids is elastic? Oct 31, Theory of fluctuations in disordered systems Oct 31, There are ten known isotopes of beryllium, ranging from Be-5 to Be Many beryllium isotopes have multiple decay paths depending on the overall energy of the nucleus and its total angular momentum quantum number.
This table lists the known isotopes of beryllium, their half-life, and type of radioactive decay. Isotopes with multiple decay schemes are represented by a range of half-life values between the shortest and longest half-life for that type of decay. Beryllium forms in stars, but the radioactive isotopes don't last long. Primordial beryllium consists entirely of the one stable isotope, beryllium Beryllium is a mononuclidic and monoisotopic element. Beryllium is produced by cosmic ray spallation of oxygen in the atmosphere.
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